A hammertoe is a common foot deformity. In this condition, one or more of the smaller toes are bent in an abnormal position, usually affecting the second, third, or fourth toe, causing the toe to stay bent at the middle joint. Some of the difficulties experienced might be discomfort, difficulty finding well-fitting shoes, and pain when walking. The good thing is that several treatment options are available to help relieve symptoms and correct the hammertoe deformity.
What is a hammertoe?
An indication of hammertoe is when the toe bends unnaturally at its middle joint. The abnormal bending forces the top of the toe to point downward, resembling a hammer. The condition grows in severity and rigidity over time, making moving or straightening the toe painful. In severe cases, the bent toe may rub against shoes, which could lead to the development of corns and calluses.
What causes hammertoes?
Developing hammertoe can be a result of the following:
- Toe muscle imbalance: When the muscles and tendons in the toes become imbalanced, they can pull the toe into a bent position.
- Improperly fitting shoes: Shoes that are too tight, especially in the toe area, may force the toes into a bent position and cause them to become misaligned, resulting in a bent toe.
- Arthritis: Arthritis in the foot and ankle can weaken the toe joint, making it more prone to further deformity
- Genetics: A family history of foot problems, including hammertoes, may increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
What are the symptoms of hammertoes?
Noticeable symptoms of hammertoes are:
- The toe’s bend position is usually the most noticeable.
- Pain or discomfort in the affected toe, especially when wearing shoes.
- Corns and calluses form on the top of the toes due to friction with shoes.
- Inflammation, redness, or a burning sensation around the affected toe.
- Difficulty moving the toe or straightening it.
- Pain in the ball of the foot from increased pressure.
Please note these symptoms and tell your doctor. If you wait too long, the hammertoe deformity may worsen, making the toe stiff and painful.
How are hammertoes treated?
Many treatments may alleviate the pain and discomfort associated with hammertoes:
- Fitting shoes: Wearing shoes with a different toe box can reduce pressure on the affected toe. Look for shoes that don’t pinch or crowd your toes.
- Orthotic devices: Custom-made orthotics can help correct the alignment of the toe and redistribute pressure on the foot and ankle.
- Bunion pads or corn pads: Padding the toe can help relieve pain caused by friction between the toe and your shoes.
- Exercise: Stretch and strengthen your legs, ankles, and toes. Regular stretching of the toe muscles can help improve flexibility and reduce discomfort.
- Ice and pain relievers: Applying an ice pack to the affected area can help reduce swelling. Over-the-counter pain medications will relieve pain.
The surgical treatment recommendations only apply if the case is severe, such as:
- Tendon transfers: This procedure involves repositioning the tendons to help straighten the toe.
- Joint resections: Part of the joint is removed to realign the toe.
- Fusion: The bones in the toe joint are fused to correct the deformity.
Can hammertoes be prevented?
Hammertoes can be prevented with the proper foot care. With the appropriate steps, you can reduce the risk of hammertoes, such as:
- Wear properly fitting shoes: Avoid shoes that are too tight. If they put pressure on your toes, do not wear them, opting for shoes with a wide toe box and soft materials.
- Stretch and strengthen your toes: Regular foot exercises can help maintain flexibility and balance in your toe muscles.
- Use orthotic devices if you sense you have an imbalance or structural issue.
- Pay attention to any of the warning signs and symptoms, like bent toes or foot pain.
Custom Designed Orthotics for Foot Pain and Discomfort at Pongratz
Ensuring your treatment of hammertoes is something we can help with at Pongratz, offering custom-designed orthotics that treat pain associated with different foot conditions.
