Pes cavus is Latin for “hollow foot.” Commonly known as high arches, it is a condition where the arch of the foot is raised higher than normal. This condition affects how the foot’s weight is distributed and can lead to various foot problems. Some who experience this condition may not feel discomfort, but others may deal with pain and instability. This article will explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for pes cavus.
What is pes cavus?
Pes cavus refers to a foot type where the arch is abnormally high. This causes more weight to be placed on the ball and heel of the foot. But unlike flat feet, high arches create extra pressure points. This can lead to issues like plantar fasciitis, foot pain, and even claw toes.
What causes high arches?
The cases of high arches include:
- Neurological conditions. Disorders such as muscular dystrophy and neurological disorders like Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease can lead to muscle imbalances that cause the arch to rise.
- Genetic factors. In some cases, people are simply born with high-arched feet.
- Injury. Trauma to the foot and ankle can result in a cavus foot deformity over time.
What are the symptoms of pes cavus?
The symptoms of pes cavus vary based on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms are:
- Foot pain, particularly in the ball of the heel
- Frequent plantar fasciitis, causing pain in the heel and arch
- Development of claw toes due to the imbalance in weight distribution
- Pain or instability when standing or walking
- Calluses on the ball or heel of the foot
- Weakness in the ankles
It is crucial that you meet and consult a healthcare professional if you notice any of the symptoms above.
How is pes cavus diagnosed?
A healthcare provider examines the foot arch, gait, and Achilles tendon to diagnose pes cavus. The provider also discusses your medical history to determine if neurological disorders or muscle imbalances are contributing factors. Imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs are sometimes used to assess the foot’s structure and rule out other potential causes.
What treatment options are available for high arches?
Though it depends on the severity of the condition, the treatment options for high arches include:
- Custom orthotics. Special orthotic devices are designed to provide good arch support and distribute weight evenly.
- Physical therapy. Exercises that strengthen the foot muscles and improve balance.
- Arch supports. Insoles will help support your arch, relieving pressure from the ball and heel of the foot.
- Footwear changes. Wearing shoes with good arch support and cushioning can help reduce pain and discomfort.
A doctor may recommend the following in more severe cases:
- Surgical treatment. In rare cases, surgical procedures may be needed to correct the cavus foot deformity and realign the foot. Surgical treatment is usually reserved for individuals with significant pain or functional limitations.
Can high arches lead to other foot problems?
High arches can lead to the following foot problems:
- Plantar fasciitis
- Claw toes
- Ankle instability
What types of shoes are recommended for pes cavus?
The best shoes for people with high-arched feet have:
- Good arch support to distribute pressure in the foot more evenly.
- Cushioned soles to absorb shock and reduce pressure on the heel and ball of the foot.
- Roomy toe boxes to prevent the development of claw toes.
- A slightly raised heel for better alignment.
Are orthotics beneficial for high-arched feet?
The best way to manage pes cavus is to use custom orthotics. They provide extra support to the foot arch, relieve pressure on painful areas, and promote proper foot alignment. Orthotics can also help prevent worsening conditions like plantar fasciitis or claw toes.
It is unsurprising that people believe orthotic devices make a difference in their comfort, especially when combined with supportive shoes.
Is surgery necessary for pes cavus?
Surgery is not always necessary for pes cavus. Addressing the condition with orthotics, physical therapy, and footwear modification is possible. Surgical procedures are performed only when the measures above do not provide relief. Surgery might be more complicated than you think, involving tendon transfers, bone reshaping, or Achilles tendon lengthening to correct the foot’s alignment.
Surgical treatment will only be considered as a last resort.
How can I manage pain associated with high arches?
- Wear supportive shoes built with arch support.
- Use custom orthotics or arch supports to relieve pressure on the foot.
- Stretching exercises for the foot, calf, and Achilles tendon should be done to improve flexibility.
- Apply ice to reduce inflammation and pain, especially after physical activity.
- Engage in physical therapy to strengthen foot muscles and improve balance
Customized Orthoses for High Arches at Pongratz
We provide customized orthotics for high arches at Pongratz to help you deal with any associated pain or discomfort, including back pain, foot or ankle trauma, or anything that results from high arches.
